Common Plumbing Problems That You Can Fix Yourself

Got a home plumbing problem? Fortunately, the vast majority of plumbing problems you can fix yourself pretty easily, instead of calling a plumber and making him your new best friend. Often, all it takes to finish the job is a rudimentary toolkit and the will to learn. Some common problems found with plumbing include:

- Running toilet

- Backed-up toilets

- Noisy pipes

- Flooding

RUNNING TOILET

One of the most frequent is the running toilet. Usually this problem can be fixed simply by replacing a faulty flapper or ball assembly. Flapper is either staying up or not seating well. In order to fix this problem, you should first turn off the water to this toilet. Then, remove the toilet-tank lid. Take the flapper out and take it with you to the hardware store to make sure you buy the correct replacement. This is an easy fix and it will cost you about $5. In some cases it will be required to clean mineral deposits from the tank itself. Vinegar, boiling water and baking soda usually does the trick but be careful if you have marble floor in your bathroom. Marble, slate and granite can be damaged by stray drops of an acidic solution.

BACKED-UP TOILETS

"You ever go to a big party, go in the bathroom, flush the toilet and the water starts coming up? This is the most frightening moment in the life of a human being. You'll do anything to stop this. You'll lose your mind and start talking to the toilet. 'No please, don't do this to me!' " Jerry Seinfeld

The only thing worse than clogging a toilet is clogging someone else's toilet. The most important thing to remember is that if you flush once and the water rises dangerously high, DO NOT flush again! Instead, you should quickly remove the tank lid and push the tank ball down to close the flush valve.

Plumbers will tell you that most toilet blockages are caused by plastic items, sanitary products and toys. If the obstruction may be the result of an object dropped into the toilet, such as a toy or a washcloth, then it is best to try and retrieve it rather than force it farther along. Other clogs resulting from normal flushed waste may be cleared with the use of a plunger or closet auger.

Try first to use a plunger to dislodge anything that may be trapped in the toilet bowl drain. If the bowl is full, put on some gloves and bail out water until the bowl is only half full. If the bowl is empty, add water to fill it to half full. In order to avoid the possibility of splash back, drape a large towel over the bowl and under the toilet seat. Start by making a seal over the hole-in-the-bowl with the plunger. Push down slowly and pull back quickly. Start by doing this at a slow pace and then working up speed. If you see something stuck in the drain opening, you can use a stiff wire to drag it back into the bowl. If you dislodge the item, pour a gallon or so of water into the bowl before you flush. The water should drain to its normal level and stay there.

Major clogs however will probably require a closet auger. Make sure you get a toilet snake/auger, as a sink snake/auger will scrape the porcelein on your toilet. They are specially designed for toilets, so that when you place the padded section at the bottom of the bowl and you shove the handle down with a strong fast motion, a piece of coiled metal will snake its way 4-5 feet into your toilet drain. Cranking the handle around should clear away most clogs. If the water seems to be properly draining, go ahead and try flushing the toilet.

NOISY PIPES

From banging to hammering to high-pitched squeaking, your water pipes can produce a symphony of sounds making you feel like you're living in a submarine. The squeaking and banging you're hearing probably results from too loose or tight a fit as your pipes pass over or through wood framing. The trick to solving this problem is to identify the specific sounds, and to know from which glen the pipes, the pipes are calling.

Banging - If they're improperly installed, water pipes can raise a racket by banging against the floor joists. Pipes are usually/hopefully anchored with metal or plastic straps every 6 to 8 feet for horizontal runs, or 8 to 10 feet for vertical. Banging pipes usually means loose pipes. All it takes to fix this problem is adding more straps to anchor the pipe. Cushion the pipe by wrapping it in a rubber blanket cut from an old inner tube, garden hose, or foam pipe insulation. Wrap the rubber completely around the pipe and secure it to the joist with a nail-on metal pipe strap.

Squeaking - Only your hot water pipes will squeak. The sound occurs when the pipe expands in its strap causing friction. The problem is the opposite of a banging pipe but the solution is the same: a rubber cushion between the pipe and the strap.

Water Hammer - Have you ever turned off a faucet or an appliance quickly causing the water to "hammer" against the pipes? This is most common in toilets. Plumbing systems usually have 'air cushions,' short vertical sections of pipe designed to cushion the shock when the water is turned on or off. If there is no air cushion, or the air cushion has become filled with water, a loud banging sound can be heard after you shut off the water, or flush. Turn off the water at the main shutoff valve. Open all your faucets to drain the entire system. Close the faucets and turn on the water again. This should refill your chambers with air.

FLOODING

Many things including, seepage from cracked pipes, a corroded water heater, or an overflowing faucet or toilet can cause flooding. Whatever the cause, take immediate steps to shut off the water. If necessary, contact a plumbing professional to identify and repair the problem. If there is standing water that needs pumping out, you'll need a sump pump to extract the water, or you can have the plumber do it. In flooding situations, be especially alert to the possibility of danger from electrical wiring. Water and electricity are a dangerous combination. Never step in standing water if there is any contact with electrical outlets or wiring.

Home System of Plumbing

What people think about Home Plumbing is that it is only concerned about the handling of clean and used water. However, there are other segments that compose the entire system of plumbing in every household. Plumbing entails everything inside the home that uses pipes, piping fixtures and tubing.

Home plumbing systems are made up of other subsystems. First is the water supply that provides tap cold and hot water. This is an indoor plumbing part that is utilized for drinking, toilets flushing, showering, bathing, dish-washing, clothes washing, etc. Tap water may be supplied by various sources such as municipal water supply, water wells, water truck delivery, natural bodies and sources of water like creeks, rivers, lakes and rain. Water faucet is the most common water fixture for this subsystem.

The next subsystem involves vents, drains and traps. It is called DWV or the drain-waste-vent system. This subsystem basically removes dirty water and greywater from inside the house and expels the gases created by the sewage. Waste water is produced in the fixtures like sinks, showers and toilets. Then it goes out through the trap. Trap is the dipped section of the pipe which has water content all the time. The importance of the trap is such that it prevents the toxic gas produced by the wastes from returning to the house. Pipes that connect the fixtures to the outdoors compose the plumbing vents. Vents are for relieving the house of gases from the sewer.
Septic system is also another subdivision of the home plumbing system. Its main component is the septic tank. Septic is the environment for the anaerobic bacteria which has developed in the tank then decomposes the discharged wastes inside the tank.

The Drainage subsystem may be artificial or natural method of removing water (from the surface or subsurface). Drainage is especially used by the agricultural sector for the improvement of the agriculture production.
Piping or Fuel Gas Piping is also included in the system of Plumbing. Piping or pipes are useful in conveying fluids, both gas and liquid, to transport it from one point of location to another. The concept of piping is such that fluid is transported efficiently.

Water is one of our essential needs especially for drinking. As water supply travels through the plumbing system, the proper working condition of all plumbing elements must be ensured. Correct maintenance must be provided to the plumbing system. Some of the plumbing systems malfunctioning are:

Toilet clogging. Clogging happens when the water in the toilet is slow to drain or there is no drainage at all when the toilet is flushed. Possible causes are build up of wastes or there is a foreign object stuck along the water passage.
Bad or Offensive Toilet Odors. A bathroom or toiler and sometimes even the kitchen smells offensively due to improper flow of water in the drainage caused by pipes which have ruptured, whose wax ring is defective or the inadequate amount of water in the bowl.
Showers leaks and clogging of shower heads. Water leaking from the shower may be caused by old and worn shower fixture. Clogging may probably be caused by the collected mineral deposits in the shower head.

The Five Myths That Slow Down Sales and How to Avoid Them

Time is money, yeah, yeah, we've heard that before. But if time really is money, why do so many professionals squander it chasing anyone with a pulse, including their most horrible prospects? Because they still embrace one of the great myths of selling, common mistakes that drain profit and energy from a sales organization:

Myth #1: Everybody is our customer.

Myth #2: Every sale is a good sale.

Myth #3: Never take no for an answer.

Myth #4: There's always time to make more sales calls.

Myth #5: Sales people pay for themselves.

Business people the world over know these statements are myths, but behave as if they aren't. Why? It's because the great selling myths are so familiar that they have become invisible. To uproot them, we must create effective ways to replace them with more adaptive, successful practices, and turn those practices into habits. Changing habits is hard.

In the case of the Five Selling Myths, these old habits are ingrained in decades of selling tradition, enshrined in company policy, and even taught by well-intentioned people who might be a little bit behind the times. Replace each of the Five Myths with the Five MythBusters, new approaches to the issues that create better outcomes. Selling is about money - making it, but also spending it. If you knew the real cost of one hour of selling time, you might invest those hours more carefully.

Studies have shown that the average sales person only has about 900 hours (about 100 days) of face-to-face selling time per year, once you take away weekends, holidays, vacations, sick time, and record-keeping. To reach a $1 million dollar quota, each of those 900 hours is worth a whopping $1,111. When the Five Myths rule the sales process, a lot of those expensive hours get wasted. Keep that opportunity cost in mind as you review the Five Myths.

Myth #1: Everybody is our customer. In spite of the thousands of words that have been written about this subject, we still find sales people and executives who don't define their target markets or prospects very well. The awful truth is that when you act as if "anybody" is your prospect, you are throwing money down the drain. You're spending $1,000 an hour to chase marginal prospects, because it feels better to be busy. But to what end?

Mythbuster #1: The right prospects seek the value you add. Selling is simple, really. Find out what you do well, and offer it to people who want it. Replacing the 'anybody who'll buy from me' practice requires some effort on your part. Analyze the things you do particularly well, including your product, service, and personal charm. Then go back over your list of existing customers, asking what you liked about them, and what they liked about you. Write down the pertinent information. And use it as your qualifying 'script' - learn to ask penetrating questions, early in the relationship, that reveal the potential for this prospect to become one of your best customers. At BSG, one of the tools we give clients is The SMART Way Prospect Scorecard(TM), a digital scoring matrix that grades your prospect based on how likely they are to become profitable, long-term customers.

Myth #2: Every sale is a good sale. As obvious as it may seem, this particular myth persists in many businesses. If business is slow, if you've got unused capacity or labor sitting around idle, it's all too tempting to accept any business that walks in the door. But is every sale worth it? Not if it's unprofitable or damaging to your reputation.

Mythbuster #2: Good sales bring profit to the seller and satisfaction to the buyer. Now that you have a definition of your ideal customer, add the definition of a 'good sale.' Write down the margin you have to earn to achieve basic profitability, and don't violate it. Add other characteristics that define the 'good' sale, such as evidence of customer satisfaction. Praise sales people when they decline business that is unprofitable or likely to disappoint the customer's expectations. A component of your Prospect Scorecard should be the likelihood that any given sale represents a tangible exchange of value between buyer and seller, and is just as good for you as it is for the customer.

Myth #3: Never take NO for an answer. This myth is one of the most difficult to identify and therefore to uproot. After all, our society prizes this attitude; we build monuments to it. But think about it. Refusing to take "No" goes hand in hand with 'everybody is our customer' and 'every sale is a good sale.' Always remember that a sale is not a one-way transaction. If it isn't right for one of the parties, then it is probably wrong for both.

Mythbuster #3: Don't beat a dead horse. Adopt an analytical attitude. Qualify each prospect, and each opportunity, carefully, to learn if the deal is in fact going to be (a) profitable and (b) satisfying to the customer. Assess the investment costs of continued sales effort, always remembering that your selling time is probably worth $1,000 an hour or more. At some point, the deal passes the point of diminishing returns. Guide your sales people to a more effective use of their time.

Myth #4: There's always time to make more sales calls. This myth comes into play when the sales team is focused on activity instead of results. But it's a dangerous practice. First of all, there isn't much more time left to make sales calls. If the average sales person has only 100 days (900 hours) of selling time in a year, or less, where is that time going to come from - sleep, sick time, vacations, administration? When sales people go after the wrong prospects, pursue unprofitable projects, or waste time on unproductive activities, then more sales calls may not equal more sales.

Mythbuster #4: Make scarce sales time count. The best way to dismantle this belief is to reinforce the investment value of sales time. Remember the investment value of one hour of selling time - $1,111? Now add up the cost of an hour of nose-to-nose time, plus travel time, gas, tolls, parking, literature, coffee, lunch. Now the cost of that sales call is somewhere north of $1200 and rising. What would happen if your sales people had to requisition that money in cash, every time they went out on a call? They would get very discriminating about the way they invested their time.

Myth #5: Sales people pay for themselves. It's true that plenty of sales people get paid on straight commission, so it seems as if they can pay their own way. But it's not so simple. Sales people may earn compensation from a share of the profits, but their true costs include impact on customer satisfaction, market presence and awareness, lost opportunity and perhaps other considerations.

Mythbuster #5: They pay for everybody. The Sales department funds the entire business operation. So sales people have to do much more than pay for themselves. They have to pay everybody's salaries, fund R&D, underwrite marketing expenditures, and put enough reserves on the books to justify investments in capital equipment. And they can't do that if they don't have the right support and guidance. Replace Myths with Best Practices Selling is probably the most important contributor to business health, even more important than products and services. It's a difficult art to master. So it pays to develop good mechanisms to support and guide the sales effort.

Here are five Best Practices that help sweep away the myths and make the Five Mythbusters come alive. They are:

1. Create an Ideal Customer Profile. Develop this profile on customers with whom you have had success in the past. Detail not only the facts (demographics, company size, annual revenues, SIC codes), but the qualitative characteristics as well, those elements that represent the value they seek when doing business with your company. If you really want a powerful profile, use the SMART Way Prospect Scorecard.

2. Set Clear Expectations. Give your sales people clear and quantifiable performance expectations for all stages of the sales process. Don't simply throw a quota and a territory map at them. Tell them you expect them to convert so many leads to suspects, suspects to prospects, prospects to contracts, contracts to repeat business. And follow up with them.

3. Track Performance and Share the Data. Stop managing your sales force by anecdote, those traditional sales meetings where each sales person fills up time telling about why this or that deal hasn't closed yet. Instead focus on collective performance against those expectations you laid out above. Build sales meetings around a review of the data. Now you're dealing with facts.

4. Work on the Process to Improve Results. If sales are down this month, don't panic. Instead, examine the underlying processes to see where the slowdown occurred and why. Maybe sales are down because there's an operational glitch, or an unexpected trend in the local market.

5. Give Great Support. Everybody likes nice bosses better than mean bosses, but great sales support means more than that. It means removing obstacles to performance wherever possible, smoothing the way, and leaving people alone when that's appropriate. Go over your selling process to see if you can spot any of the Five Myths at work. If you find them, replace them with better practices. Now you are on your way to achieving great sales performance, and sustaining it.

Chili Verde Recipes - Slow Cooker Chili Verde

Here's a quick and easy chili verde recipe that you can serve as a soup or over chimichangas.

3 tablespoons Worcestershire sauce

1 tablespoon garlic pepper

3 pounds pork picnic roast

1 large onion, diced

1 (14.5 oz.) can chicken broth

2 (4 oz.) cans diced green chilies, drained

3 (7 oz.) cans green salsa

2 (15.5 oz.) cans great Northern beans, drained (optional)

Directions

In a slow cooker, pour in half of the Worcestershire sauce and half of the garlic pepper. Place the roast inside of the pan and sprinkle the remaining Worcestershire sauce and garlic pepper over the top of the meat. Add in the onions and chilies. Pour the chicken broth over all. Cover and cook on low heat for 8 to 10 hours.


When the roast is fork tender (you can pull it apart with a fork), stir in the green salsa and beans. Continue cooking until heated completely.

=> Chili Verde Recipes: Chili Verde Stew

This spicy chili verde recipe features roasted pork, salsa, green chilies, spices and fresh jalapeno pepper. Remember to wear rubber or plastic gloves when handling fresh hot peppers, and don't touch your face or eyes while handling.

3/4 pound boneless pork roast, cut into 1-inch cubes

1 tablespoon canola oil

1/4 cup green pepper, chopped

1/4 teaspoon garlic, minced

1/4 cup dry red wine or beef broth

1 cup canned diced tomatoes

1/2 cup salsa

2 tablespoons canned chopped green chilies, divided

1/2 teaspoon ground cumin

1/4 teaspoon sugar

1 dash ground cloves

2 tablespoons fresh parsley, minced

1 small jalapeno pepper, seeded and chopped

Directions

In a large saucepan, cook the pork in oil over medium heat until it no longer looks pink; remove the meat from the pan and set aside.


In the same pan, sauté the green pepper, onion and garlic for 1 to 2 minutes, or until they are tender. Stir in the pork, wine or broth, tomatoes, salsa, 1 tablespoon of the chilies, cumin, sugar and cloves. Cover and cook over low heat for 40 minutes; stir occasionally.


Stir in the parsley, jalapeno and remaining chilies. Cover and cook for another 20 to 25 minutes, or until the meat is tender.

=> Chili Verde Recipes: Basic Homemade Chili Verde

Here is a simple way to make homemade chili verde which uses fresh cilantro.

1 pound pork, cubed

5 tomatillos (green tomatoes)

3 serrano chili peppers

1 medium white onion

1/3 bunch fresh cilantro

4 cloves of garlic

Directions

In a pan, cook pork until nice and brown; drain off the fat.


Wrap the tomatillos, chilies and garlic in aluminum foil and place them inside a pot. Cover and heat on medum high until the tomatoes are nice and soft; stir occasionally.


Unwrap the vegetables and place in a food processor along with the onion and cilantro. Blend well. Pour sauce over the pork and simmer for 10 to 15 minutes. You can add a little more fresh cilantro after about 5 minutes of cooking, if desired.

How to Deal With a Cancer Diagnosis

I am a cancer survivor. I was diagnosed in March 2005, and it is now nearly two years since I underwent treatment.

As I was getting good test results last week - my CAT scan was all clear - I received emails from two friends. One was also diagnosed with cervical cancer with additional tumours in her ovaries. She is having her tubes and ovaries removed and being scheduled for radiation and chemotherapy treatment. My other friend let me know her mother has been diagnosed with cancer on her gall bladder that has spread to her liver and intestines. She is undergoing surgery at this moment.

What struck me was that even though I am out of the woods with my own cancer and feel fit and healthy, others are just starting their journey. I realised what I went through and what I learned might be of use to others.

If you have been diagnosed with cancer recently, or have a loved one who has, then this article is for you.

My story

I was diagnosed in March 2005 with cervical cancer, just 4 days after getting engaged. The treatment recommended initially was a full hysterectomy. Luckily there was a new surgery called a radical trachelectomy available to younger women who wanted to maintain fertility. This involved the removal of the cervix, but left the uterus and ovaries - most of the reproductive equipment. Of the 100 or so women who have had the surgery about 70% were able to conceive and deliver, through caesarean section. So baby-making is still possible for me, though I am not yet out of the 2 year clearing time the doctor recommended.

After surgery they discovered additional tumours in the lymph nodes they removed. The doctors recommended four courses of chemotherapy, cysplatin to be precise, just to be sure that they knock any remaining cancer on its head. Cysplatin is a pretty heavy drug, and had some serious effects - I felt nauseous and horrible for a good ten days after each round. My last treatment was on August 8th 2005. I ran a marathon 7 months later. This sounds surreal to me now, but at the time, running a marathon was exactly what I needed for a new focus on living and life.

However, dealing with a diagnosis was the first step. It is my intention that this article and the accompanying audio helps anyone else who is facing a diagnosis get through the first few weeks.

Here is a whole bunch of stuff you can do and think and experience to help you - pick what feels right to you. The first thing to do is to try and reduce all the stress in your life as much as possible. You need to be calm, relaxed to cope with what is ahead of you.

How to cope?

First of all, know that as long as you are breathing, you are OK. Start from there. Breathe. Affirm you are alive and you are OK. Breathe.

Eat right. I saw a nutritionist very soon after my diagnosis. I already had a pretty good diet: I was a vegetarian and a runner, but knew that I wanted to do everything I could to promote healing. It also gave me some sort of control over the process as my life got taken over by medical appointments, test results, and treatments.

Eat plenty of fresh fruit and veggies. Eliminate anything that is a stressor on your system - reduce or eliminate alcohol, sugar, cigarettes, and caffeine. See a nutritionist or go to a health food store for which vitamins to take. Extra doses of Vitamin B, C, selenium, were all good for me. Make sure you consult a professional for the correct dosages.

Exercise. Keep your body moving gently as much as you are able with your surgery and treatments. Gentle stretching is good - keep connected to your body. Exercise helps the lymph system to operate, helps the lungs and heart to do their jobs and pump out toxins. It also helps you connect with your body, to feel alive. Movement gives you energy as well.

Meditate. Before I was diagnosed with cancer, I always knew that meditation was supposed to be good for you, but I never did anything about it. Willing to give everything a go to promote my healing, I started meditating. This was such a blessing -it helped me release a lot of emotional stress and I felt so calm and relaxed and peaceful afterwards. You can use relaxation tapes, or meditation CDs, whether this is just nice music, or a guided visualisation, or just lying down and relaxing. The idea is to center yourself and calm yourself down - feel connected to the source of life energy that is in all of us, in all of the world around us.

Visualise. This was a great way to stay focussed. After surgery I could barely walk two steps, whereas the week before I had run 38km. This could have discouraged me, but instead I chose to focus on what I wanted my body to do for me. I imagined myself running again, feeling fit, free, and full of energy. This helped me get out of bed every day and shuffle a few more feet down the corridor. Even though my current body was not capable of much, in my mind's eye I felt myself running and bounding about the hills, feeling full of life. Every day I got stronger, and every day I visualised my body the way I intended to be. Like I said, 7 months later I ran a marathon.

Read some good books. One of the first things I did was go to the bookstore. I wanted to educate myself about my disease and learn from people who had gone through similar experiences. I bought a ton of books on how to heal yourself, cancer journeys etc. The best ones I found were Lance Armstrong's "It's Not About the Bike," Brandon Bays's "The Journey," Louise Hay's "You Can Heal Your Life," Paul Kraus's "Living with Cancer," Petrea King's "Quest for Life," Petrea King's "Your Life Matters." Each of these had something different to teach me. Just go to the bookstore and go the health section or self-help section and buy the books that appeal to you.

Get a massage, often. Massage is another way to relax and helps the body to heal itself by moving fluid, lymph, and releasing stored emotional energy. You can also use another type of healing energy practitioner - maybe a kinesiologist, or cranial sacral therapist, or reiki practitioner. Find someone you trust and enjoy. The whole point is to feel good.

Use a Journal. There is so much that goes on in your head and heart with a cancer diagnosis. Some of it you may want to share, and a lot you probably do not. In any case, purging your head and heart of the all the thoughts that are going around and around and screaming at you inside your head allows you to release a lot of energy and turmoil. Write everything you feel and think down. The worst thing you can do is let it all run around in your head - this makes everything worse. Writing gives a relief and a release to your thoughts and emotions. Get them out - let them go.

Let people know what is going on. People who love you want to help. They really do. Tell them how to - to call you if you want to talk, to visit. Let their love in to your life - let them bring flowers, cookies, books - whatever - feel their love and appreciation of you. Be grateful for all of this.

Feel Gratitude. The moment I started to look around and appreciate what I saw and experienced, then my cancer journey started to change for me. It happened when I was going through chemotherapy. I had a lot of time at home on my own. I looked out the window every day and just watched the sunlight on the trees. Then the sky. Then the birds. And I started to feel grateful for seeing them, and having the time to appreciate them. Then I started to think about all the wonderful things that happened to me, all the beautiful people in my life, all the great adventures I had had. And I started to feel this amazing flood of good feelings. I started to realise that cancer had opened me up to all this wonderful good stuff that had been there all along, but I had not necessarily appreciated before. Then I started to feel grateful for all the things cancer was doing for me: it allowed me to slow down and take a time out for six months, it allowed me to really choose how I wanted to live going forward, it helped me clarify what was most important to me. I realised that it was a terrific gift. The process was arduous, and yet the gifts were golden.

Practice and feel grateful for the little and big things. Notice the beauty around you. Notice the sunlight on the trees. Be grateful for that. Find joy and delight in the life around you.

Stop doing anything that does not support you. Stop doing things that are 'shoulds' in your life. Do only what gives you pleasure and joy.

Watch funny movies. Laugh your guts out. Rent all the Leslie Neilsen (Police Academy) etc. you can handle. Laugh laugh laugh! Laughter actually produces some chemicals in your body that promote healing. It also feels really really good.

Get yourself a copy of the Secret DVD - available at www.wildlywealthy.com in Australia and at amazon.com elsewhere. This is a VERY powerful movie. There is a woman on it who healed herself of breast cancer through self-love.

Don't give up your doctors. As you embrace the healing journey you are on, take their form of healing along with the spiritual side of things. All forms of healing have a place and can help you to return to health.

It is OK to be scared. It is OK to be sad. It is OK to be angry. Let yourself feel all of this and more - just let yourself feel. Let it pass through you and drain from you. It will leave you feeling purged and cleansed. Get in touch with who you really are - you are love and pure energy at the core. Feel that. Love that.

Cancer is not a death sentence - it is a call to live. It is a call for you to love yourself and to feel yourself healed from all your past wrongs, all your past regrets, all your past mistakes. Cancer gives you permission to let go of all the crap in your life and acknowledge all of the good things.

Cancer can be a gift for you, if you choose it to be so. Give yourself permission to take a break. Give yourself permission to slow right down, to pause, and to just simply be.

It is my sincere wish for you that you discover once more your joy, health, and love of life. I don't know what will happen on your journey; no one knows how long each of us has, with cancer or without. The most important thing is that we savour it. Remember, life is for living.

All good wishes for you.

Plumbing, The Basic Facts

The term plumbing is taken from the Latin word 'plumbum,' which stands for lead. Plumbing is the skilled trade of working with pipes, tubing and plumbing fixtures for drinking water systems and the drainage of waste. The plumbing industry is a basic and substantial part of every developed economy in order to supply clean water and to transport waste.

Plumbing originated during the ancient civilizations such as the Greek, Roman, Persian, Indian, and Chinese civilisations. This is because the need for plumbing was soon realised as public baths were developed to provide portable water and drainage; however the development and improvement of plumbing systems was very slow with virtually no progress made until the 19th century. Eventually however the development of separate, underground water and sewage systems eliminated open sewage ditches and cesspools.

Since the development of the plumbing system in the 19th century the materials used in present day plumbing systems involve a network of high-pressure pumps and pipes, which as now made of copper, brass, plastic, steel and cast-iron, lead is no longer used in the installation of modern plumbing systems due to its toxicity.

If you are having problems with your plumbing system it is important that you know where your Stop Cock is. Your stop cock is a valve used to turn off the water supply to your house. It is important that you know where it is so you can turn the water off and prevent damage in the event of a leak within your house. You will also save you money if a plumber needs to work in your house because he will not have to spend time searching for the stop cock.

There are a few things that you can do to help your plumbing systems work better and last longer. Aspects such as using drain cleaners can help to keep your plumbing system flowing. Drain cleaners are a good solution to fix blocked drains, which is why it is a good idea to always have a bottle on hand. You should also insulate your pipes in the winter to prevent them freezing in the winter months. If you pipes however do freeze you can use a heat lamp to help them slowly unthaw.

Some common plumbing problems that you may come across are things such as the following:

o Rattling pipes - the reason behind this may be caused by several factors such as your pipes not being sufficiently strapped to the wall, you may need to re-secure your pipes

o Slow drainage - the most common reason for this is due to clogged pipes and as previously mentioned this can easily be taken care of by using a drain solution

o Loss of hot water when another faucet is turned on - this is especially common in older houses where the hot and cold water pressures are not balanced. You may need to re-balance the valves

o Toilet tank leaks - the plumbing parts inside the tank will most likely need replacing

If you experience any problems with your plumbing system it is important that you enlist the help of a professional to fix the problem.